Enhancing Prediction Performance through Influence Measure

In the field of machine learning, the pursuit of accurate models is ongoing. A key aspect of improving prediction performance lies in identifying which data points in the training set should be excluded and which high-quality, potentially unlabeled data points outside the training set should be incorporated to improve the model's performance on unseen data. To accomplish this, an effective metric is needed to evaluate the contribution of each data point toward enhancing overall model performance. This paper proposes the use of an influence measure as a metric to assess the impact of training data on test set performance. Additionally, we introduce a data selection method to optimize the training set as well as a dynamic active learning algorithm driven by the influence measure. The effectiveness of these methods is demonstrated through extensive simulations and real-world datasets.