Active Image Indexing
Pierre Fernandez, Matthijs Douze, Hervé Jégou, Teddy Furon
Abstract
Image copy detection and retrieval from large databases leverage two components. First, a neural network maps an image to a vector representation, that is relatively robust to various transformations of the image. Second, an efficient but approximate similarity search algorithm trades scalability (size and speed) against quality of the search, thereby introducing a source of error. This paper improves the robustness of image copy detection with active indexing, that optimizes the interplay of these two components. We reduce the quantization loss of a given image representation by making imperceptible changes to the image before its release. The loss is back-propagated through the deep neural network back to the image, under perceptual constraints. These modifications make the image more retrievable. Our experiments show that the retrieval and copy detection of activated images is significantly improved. For instance, activation improves by +40% the Re-call1@1 on various image transformations, and for several popular indexing structures based on product quantization and locality sensitivity hashing.
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Cited by top-tier papers2
- Origin Identification for Text-Guided Image-to-Image Diffusion ModelsWenhao Wang, Yifan Sun, Zongxin Yang, Zhentao Tan et al.ICML 2025
- Watermark Anything With Localized MessagesTom Sander, Pierre Fernandez, Alain Oliviero Durmus, Teddy Furon et al.ICLR 2025
Builds on14
- A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual RepresentationsTing Chen, Simon Kornblith, Mohammad Norouzi, Geoffrey E. HintonICML 2020 · 24,064 citations
- An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at ScaleAlexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn et al.ICLR 2021 · 21,477 citations
- Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Neural NetworksNicholas Carlini, David A. WagnerS&P 2017 · 9,786 citations
- Bootstrap Your Own Latent - A New Approach to Self-Supervised LearningJean-Bastien Grill, Florian Strub, Florent Altché, Corentin Tallec et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 9,171 citations
- Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentionHugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Matthijs Douze, Francisco Massa et al.ICML 2021 · 8,974 citations
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