ACL Findings2025
Refining Sentence Embedding Model through Ranking Sentences Generation with Large Language Models
Liyang He, Chenglong Liu, Rui Li, Zhenya Huang, Shulan Ruan, Jun Zhou, Enhong Chen
Abstract
Sentence embedding is essential for many NLP tasks, with contrastive learning methods achieving strong performance using annotated datasets like NLI. Yet, the reliance on manual labels limits scalability. Recent studies leverage large language models (LLMs) to generate sentence pairs, reducing annotation dependency. However, they overlook ranking information crucial for fine-grained semantic distinctions. To tackle this challenge, we propose a method for controlling the generation direction of LLMs in the latent space. Unlike unconstrained generation, the controlled approach ensures meaningful semantic divergence. Then, we refine exist sentence embedding model by integrating ranking information and semantic information. Experiments on multiple benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves new SOTA performance with a modest cost in ranking sentence synthesis 1 .
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Builds on15
- SimCSE: Simple Contrastive Learning of Sentence EmbeddingsTianyu Gao, Xingcheng Yao, Danqi ChenEMNLP 2021 · 2,496 citations
- M3-Embedding: Multi-Linguality, Multi-Functionality, Multi-Granularity Text Embeddings Through Self-Knowledge DistillationJianlyu Chen, Shitao Xiao, Peitian Zhang, Kun Luo et al.ACL Findings 2024 · 762 citations
- On the Sentence Embeddings from Pre-trained Language ModelsBohan Li, Hao Zhou, Junxian He, Mingxuan Wang et al.EMNLP 2020 · 538 citations
- MIND: A Large-scale Dataset for News RecommendationFangzhao Wu, Ying Qiao, Jiun-Hung Chen, Chuhan Wu et al.ACL 2020 · 454 citations
- PromptBERT: Improving BERT Sentence Embeddings with PromptsTing Jiang, Jian Jiao, Shaohan Huang, Zihan Zhang et al.EMNLP 2022 · 148 citations
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