RLCD: Reinforcement Learning from Contrastive Distillation for LM Alignment
Kevin Yang, Dan Klein, Asli Celikyilmaz, Nanyun Peng, Yuandong Tian
Abstract
We propose Reinforcement Learning from Contrast Distillation (RLCD), a method for aligning language models to follow natural language principles without using human feedback. RLCD trains a preference model using simulated preference pairs that contain both a high-quality and low-quality example, generated using contrasting positive and negative prompts. The preference model is then used to improve a base unaligned language model via reinforcement learning. Empirically, RLCD outperforms RLAIF (Bai et al., 2022b) and context distillation (Huang et al., 2022) baselines across three diverse alignment tasks-harmlessness, helpfulness, and story outline generation-and on both 7B and 30B model scales for preference data simulation.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 892abdf1-c80b-4323-a6d9-cf5c715077ffCited by top-tier papers14
- Assessing the Brittleness of Safety Alignment via Pruning and Low-Rank ModificationsBoyi Wei, Kaixuan Huang, Yangsibo Huang, Tinghao Xie et al.ICML 2024 · 215 citations
- Aligner: Efficient Alignment by Learning to CorrectJiaming Ji, Boyuan Chen, Hantao Lou, Donghai Hong et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 115 citations
- Self-Alignment of Large Language Models via Monopolylogue-based Social Scene SimulationXianghe Pang, Shuo Tang, Rui Ye, Yuxin Xiong et al.ICML 2024 · 50 citations
- Multi-step Visual Reasoning with Visual Tokens Scaling and VerificationTianyi Bai, Zengjie Hu, Fupeng Sun, Jiantao Qiu et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 22 citations
- RLVF: Learning from Verbal Feedback without OvergeneralizationMoritz Stephan, Alexander Khazatsky, Eric Mitchell, Annie S. Chen et al.ICML 2024 · 18 citations
Builds on9
- Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackLong Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 24,707 citations
- Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward ModelRafael Rafailov, Archit Sharma, Eric Mitchell, Christopher D. Manning et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 10,924 citations
- CURL: Contrastive Unsupervised Representations for Reinforcement LearningMichael Laskin, Aravind Srinivas, Pieter AbbeelICML 2020 · 1,261 citations
- AlpacaFarm: A Simulation Framework for Methods that Learn from Human FeedbackYann Dubois, Chen Xuechen Li, Rohan Taori, Tianyi Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 948 citations
- Principle-Driven Self-Alignment of Language Models from Scratch with Minimal Human SupervisionZhiqing Sun, Yikang Shen, Qinhong Zhou, Hongxin Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 463 citations
Related papers
- On a Connection Between Imitation Learning and RLHFTeng Xiao, Yige Yuan, Mingxiao Li, Zhengyu Chen et al.ICLR 2025
- RLAIF vs. RLHF: Scaling Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with AI FeedbackHarrison Lee, Samrat Phatale, Hassan Mansoor, Thomas Mesnard et al.ICML 2024 · 598 citations
- DistiLLM-2: A Contrastive Approach Boosts the Distillation of LLMsJongwoo Ko, Tianyi Chen, Sungnyun Kim, Tianyu Ding et al.ICML 2025
- AlignDistil: Token-Level Language Model Alignment as Adaptive Policy DistillationSongming Zhang, Xue Zhang, Tong Zhang, Bojie Hu et al.ACL 2025
- Direct Preference-based Policy Optimization without Reward ModelingGaon An, Junhyeok Lee, Xingdong Zuo, Norio Kosaka et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 61 citations
