Choice Set Optimization Under Discrete Choice Models of Group Decisions

The way that people make choices or exhibit preferences can be strongly affected by the set of available alternatives, often called the choice set. Furthermore, there are usually heterogeneous preferences, either at an individual level within small groups or within sub-populations of large groups. Given the availability of choice data, there are now many models that capture this behavior in order to make effective predictions-however, there is little work in understanding how directly changing the choice set can be used to influence the preferences of a collection of decision-makers. Here, we use discrete choice modeling to develop an optimization framework of such interventions for several problems of group influence, namely maximizing agreement or disagreement and promoting a particular choice. We show that these problems are NP-hard in general, but imposing restrictions reveals a fundamental boundary: promoting a choice can be easier than encouraging consensus or sowing discord. We design approximation algorithms for the hard problems and show that they work well on real-world choice data. Context effects and optimizing choice sets Choosing from a set of alternatives is one of the most important actions people take, and choices determine the composition of governments, the success of corporations, and the formation of social connections. For these reasons, choice models have received significant attention in the fields of economics (Train, 2009 ), psychology (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981), and, as human-generated data has become increasingly available online, computer science