ChatIoT: Zero-code Generation of Trigger-action Based IoT Programs

Trigger-Action Program (TAP) is a simple but powerful format to realize intelligent IoT applications, especially in home automation scenarios. Existing trace-driven approaches and in-situ programming approaches depend on either customized interaction commands or well-labeled datasets, resulting in limited applicable scenarios. In this paper, we propose ChatIoT, a zero-code TAP generation system based on large language models (LLMs). With a novel context-aware compressive prompting scheme, ChatIoT is able to automatically generate TAPs from user requests in a token-efficient manner and deploy them to the TAP runtime. Further, for those TAP requests including unknown sensing abilities, ChatIoT can also generate new AI models with knowledge distillation by multimodal LLMs, with a novel model customization method based on deep reinforcement learning. We implemented ChatIoT and evaluated its performance extensively. Results show that ChatIoT can reduce token consumption by 26.1-84.9% and improve TAP generation accuracy by 4.2-65.5% compared to state-of-the-art approaches in multiple settings. We also conducted a real user study, and ChatIoT can achieve 91.57% TAP generation accuracy.