Policy Expansion for Bridging Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning
Haichao Zhang, Wei Xu, Haonan Yu
Abstract
Pre-training with offline data and online fine-tuning using reinforcement learning is a promising strategy for learning control policies by leveraging the best of both worlds in terms of sample efficiency and performance. One natural approach is to initialize the policy for online learning with the one trained offline. In this work, we introduce a policy expansion scheme for this task. After learning the offline policy, we use it as one candidate policy in a policy set. We then expand the policy set with another policy which will be responsible for further learning. The two policies will be composed in an adaptive manner for interacting with the environment. With this approach, the policy previously learned offline is fully retained during online learning, thus mitigating the potential issues such as destroying the useful behaviors of the offline policy in the initial stage of online learning while allowing the offline policy participate in the exploration naturally in an adaptive manner. Moreover, new useful behaviors can potentially be captured by the newly added policy through learning. Experiments are conducted on a number of tasks and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Code is available at https://github.com/Haichao-Zhang/PEX
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 7e20826c-e0ce-4bb4-a941-55c20a9e5777Cited by top-tier papers51
- Efficient Online Reinforcement Learning with Offline DataPhilip J. Ball, Laura Smith, Ilya Kostrikov, Sergey LevineICML 2023 · 326 citations
- Reinforcement Learning with Action ChunkingQiyang Li, Zhiyuan Zhou, Sergey LevineNeurIPS 2025 · 114 citations
- Train Once, Get a Family: State-Adaptive Balances for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement LearningShenzhi Wang, Qisen Yang, Jiawei Gao, Matthieu Gaetan Lin et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 41 citations
- Q-Learning with Adjoint MatchingQiyang Li, Sergey LevineICLR 2026 · 36 citations
- Decision ConvFormer: Local Filtering in MetaFormer is Sufficient for Decision MakingJeonghye Kim, Suyoung Lee, Woojun Kim, Youngchul SungICLR 2024 · 36 citations
Builds on26
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- Conservative Q-Learning for Offline Reinforcement LearningAviral Kumar, Aurick Zhou, George Tucker, Sergey LevineNeurIPS 2020 · 2,881 citations
- Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence ModelingLili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 2,557 citations
- Offline Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Q-LearningIlya Kostrikov, Ashvin Nair, Sergey LevineICLR 2022 · 1,402 citations
- A Minimalist Approach to Offline Reinforcement LearningScott Fujimoto, Shixiang Shane GuNeurIPS 2021 · 1,292 citations
Related papers
- Adaptive Policy Learning for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement LearningHan Zheng, Xufang Luo, Pengfei Wei, Xuan Song et al.AAAI 2023 · 47 citations
- Uni-O4: Unifying Online and Offline Deep Reinforcement Learning with Multi-Step On-Policy OptimizationKun Lei, Zhengmao He, Chenhao Lu, Kaizhe Hu et al.ICLR 2024 · 31 citations
- Optimistic Critic Reconstruction and Constrained Fine-Tuning for General Offline-to-Online RLQin-Wen Luo, Ming-Kun Xie, Ye-Wen Wang, Sheng-Jun HuangNeurIPS 2024 · 15 citations
- Online Pre-Training for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement LearningYongjae Shin, Jeonghye Kim, Whiyoung Jung, Sunghoon Hong et al.ICML 2025
- EXPO: Stable Reinforcement Learning with Expressive PoliciesPerry Dong, Qiyang Li, Dorsa Sadigh, Chelsea FinnICLR 2026 · 35 citations
