ScrabbleGAN: Semi-Supervised Varying Length Handwritten Text Generation
Sharon Fogel, Hadar Averbuch-Elor, Sarel Cohen, Shai Mazor, Roee Litman
Abstract
Optical character recognition (OCR) systems performance have improved significantly in the deep learning era. This is especially true for handwritten text recognition (HTR), where each author has a unique style, unlike printed text, where the variation is smaller by design. That said, deep learning based HTR is limited, as in every other task, by the number of training examples. Gathering data is a challenging and costly task, and even more so, the labeling task that follows, of which we focus here. One possible approach to reduce the burden of data annotation is semisupervised learning. Semi supervised methods use, in addition to labeled data, some unlabeled samples to improve performance, compared to fully supervised ones. Consequently, such methods may adapt to unseen images during test time. We present ScrabbleGAN, a semi-supervised approach to synthesize handwritten text images that are versatile both in style and lexicon. ScrabbleGAN relies on a novel generative model which can generate images of words with an arbitrary length. We show how to operate our approach in a semi-supervised manner, enjoying the aforementioned benefits such as performance boost over state of the art supervised HTR. Furthermore, our generator can manipulate the resulting text style. This allows us to change, for instance, whether the text is cursive, or how thin is the pen stroke.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers13
- Look Closer to Supervise Better: One-Shot Font Generation via Component-Based DiscriminatorYuxin Kong, Canjie Luo, Weihong Ma, Qiyuan Zhu et al.CVPR 2022 · 68 citations
- Handwriting TransformersAnkan Kumar Bhunia, Salman H. Khan, Hisham Cholakkal, Rao Muhammad Anwer et al.ICCV 2021 · 64 citations
- HiGAN: Handwriting Imitation Conditioned on Arbitrary-Length Texts and Disentangled StylesJi Gan, Weiqiang WangAAAI 2021 · 48 citations
- AGTGAN: Unpaired Image Translation for Photographic Ancient Character GenerationHongxiang Huang, Daihui Yang, Gang Dai, Zhen Han et al.ACM MM 2022 · 31 citations
- Text-DIAE: A Self-Supervised Degradation Invariant Autoencoder for Text Recognition and Document EnhancementMohamed Ali Souibgui, Sanket Biswas, Andrés Mafla, Ali Furkan Biten et al.AAAI 2023 · 31 citations
Builds on1
Related papers
- JokerGAN: Memory-Efficient Model for Handwritten Text Generation with Text Line AwarenessJan Zdenek, Hideki NakayamaACM MM 2021 · 22 citations
- What if We Only Use Real Datasets for Scene Text Recognition? Toward Scene Text Recognition With Fewer LabelsJeonghun Baek, Yusuke Matsui, Kiyoharu AizawaCVPR 2021
- Automatic Transcription of Handwritten Old Occitan LanguageEsteban Garces Arias, Vallari Pai, Matthias Schöffel, Christian Heumann et al.EMNLP 2023 · 2 citations
- Pushing the Performance Limit of Scene Text Recognizer without Human AnnotationCaiyuan Zheng, Hui Li, Seon-Min Rhee, Seungju Han et al.CVPR 2022 · 20 citations
- Zero-Shot Styled Text Image Generation, but Make It AutoregressiveVittorio Pippi, Fabio Quattrini, Silvia Cascianelli, Alessio Tonioni et al.CVPR 2025
