ICML2026

HDFlow: Hierarchical Diffusion-Flow Planning for Long-horizon Tasks

Gireesh Nandiraju, Yuanliang(Avery) Ju, Chaoyi Xu, Weiheng Liu, Yuxuan Wan, He Wang

Abstract

Recent advances in generative models have shown promise in generating behavior plans for long-horizon, sparse reward tasks. While these approaches have achieved promising results, they often lack a principled framework for hierarchical decomposition and struggle with the computational demands of real-time execution, due to their iterative denoising process. In this work, we introduce Hierarchical Diffusion-Flow\textbf{Hierarchical Diffusion-Flow} (\texttt{\textbf{HDFlow}}), a novel hierarchical planning framework that optimally leverages the strengths of diffusion\textit{diffusion} and rectified flow\textit{rectified flow} models to overcome the limitations of single-paradigm generative planners. \texttt{\textbf{HDFlow}} employs a high-level diffusion planner to generate sequences of strategic subgoals in a learned latent space, capitalizing on diffusion's powerful exploratory capabilities. These subgoals then guide a low-level rectified flow planner that generates smooth and dense trajectories, exploiting the speed and efficiency of ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based trajectory generation. We evaluate \texttt{\textbf{HDFlow}} on four challenging furniture assembly tasks in both simulation and real-world, where it significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, we also showcase our method's generalizability on two long-horizon benchmarks comprising diverse locomotion and manipulation tasks. Project website: https://hdflow-page.github.io/