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EMNLP Findings2020

Extending Multilingual BERT to Low-Resource Languages

Zihan Wang, Karthikeyan K, Stephen Mayhew, Dan Roth

Abstract

Multilingual BERT (M-BERT) has been a huge success in both supervised and zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning. However, this success is focused only on the top 104 languages in Wikipedia it was trained on. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective approach to extend M-BERT (E-MBERT) so it can benefit any new language, and show that our approach aids languages that are already in M-BERT as well. We perform an extensive set of experiments with Named Entity Recognition (NER) on 27 languages, only 16 of which are in M-BERT, and show an average increase of about 6% F 1 on M-BERT languages and 23% F 1 increase on new languages. We release models and code at 1 .

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Cited by top-tier papers22

  1. Expanding Pretrained Models to Thousands More Languages via Lexicon-based AdaptationXinyi Wang, Sebastian Ruder, Graham NeubigACL 2022 · 73 citations
  2. Human-centered NLP Fact-checking: Co-Designing with Fact-checkers using Matchmaking for AIHoujiang Liu, Anubrata Das, Alexander Boltz, Didi Zhou et al.CSCW 2024 · 23 citations
  3. BLOOM+1: Adding Language Support to BLOOM for Zero-Shot PromptingZheng Xin Yong, Hailey Schoelkopf, Niklas Muennighoff, Alham Fikri Aji et al.ACL 2023 · 20 citations
  4. Improving Low-Resource Languages in Pre-Trained Multilingual Language ModelsViktor Hangya, Hossain Shaikh Saadi, Alexander FraserEMNLP 2022 · 17 citations
  5. One Tokenizer To Rule Them All: Emergent Language Plasticity via Multilingual TokenizersDiana Abagyan, Alejandro Salamanca, Andrés Felipe Cruz-Salinas, Kris Cao et al.ACL 2026 · 11 citations

Builds on1

  1. Cross-Lingual Ability of Multilingual BERT: An Empirical StudyKarthikeyan K, Zihan Wang, Stephen Mayhew, Dan RothICLR 2020 · 378 citations

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