Skilled or Gullibleƒ Gender Stereotypes Related to Computer Security and Privacy
Miranda Wei, Pardis Emami Naeini, Franziska Roesner, Tadayoshi Kohno
Abstract
Gender stereotypes remain common in U.S. society and harm people of all genders. Focusing on binary genders (women and men) as a first investigation, we empirically study gender stereotypes related to computer security and privacy. We used Prolific to conduct two surveys with U.S. participants that aimed to: (1) surface potential gender stereotypes related to security and privacy (N = 202), and (2) assess belief in gender stereotypes about security and privacy engagement, personal characteristics, and behaviors (N = 190). We find that stereotype beliefs are significantly correlated with participants’ gender as well as level of sexism, and we delve into the justifications our participants offered for their beliefs. Beyond scientifically studying the existence and prevalence of such stereotypes, we describe potential implications, including biasing crowdworker-faciliated user research. Further, our work lays a foundation for deeper investigations of the impacts of stereotypes in computer security and privacy, as well as stereotypes across the whole gender and identity spectrum.
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Cited by top-tier papers4
- SoK (or SoLK?): On the Quantitative Study of Sociodemographic Factors and Computer Security BehaviorsMiranda Wei, Jaron Mink, Yael Eiger, Tadayoshi Kohno et al.USENIX Security 2024 · 18 citations
- GenderCARE: A Comprehensive Framework for Assessing and Reducing Gender Bias in Large Language ModelsKunsheng Tang, Wenbo Zhou, Jie Zhang, Aishan Liu et al.CCS 2024 · 7 citations
- Prevalence Overshadows Concerns? Understanding Chinese Users' Privacy Awareness and Expectations Towards LLM-Based Healthcare ConsultationZhihuang Liu, Ling Hu, Tongqing Zhou, Yonghao Tang et al.S&P 2025
- "Un-Equal Online Safety?" A Gender Analysis of Security and Privacy Protection Advice and Behaviour PatternsKovila P. L. Coopamootoo, Magdalene NgUSENIX Security 2023
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