Graph Generation with Diffusion Mixture
Jaehyeong Jo, Dongki Kim, Sung Ju Hwang
Abstract
Generation of graphs is a major challenge for real-world tasks that require understanding the complex nature of their non-Euclidean structures. Although diffusion models have achieved notable success in graph generation recently, they are ill-suited for modeling the topological properties of graphs since learning to denoise the noisy samples does not explicitly learn the graph structures to be generated. To tackle this limitation, we propose a generative framework that models the topology of graphs by explicitly learning the final graph structures of the diffusion process. Specifically, we design the generative process as a mixture of endpoint-conditioned diffusion processes which is driven toward the predicted graph that results in rapid convergence. We further introduce a simple parameterization of the mixture process and develop an objective for learning the final graph structure, which enables maximum likelihood training. Through extensive experimental validation on general graph and 2D/3D molecule generation tasks, we show that our method outperforms previous generative models, generating graphs with correct topology with both continuous (e.g. 3D coordinates) and discrete (e.g. atom types) features. Our code is available at https://github.com/harryjo97/GruM.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 6c7f59d7-dfe9-4faf-b15a-53bb5cc5756fCited by top-tier papers30
- Unifying Generation and Prediction on Graphs with Latent Graph DiffusionCai Zhou, Xiyuan Wang, Muhan ZhangNeurIPS 2024 · 37 citations
- Graph Diffusion Policy OptimizationYijing Liu, Chao Du, Tianyu Pang, Chongxuan Li et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 23 citations
- Categorical Flow MapsDaan Roos, Oscar Davis, Floor Eijkelboom, Michael Bronstein et al.ICML 2026 · 23 citations
- Generative Modeling on Manifolds Through Mixture of Riemannian Diffusion ProcessesJaehyeong Jo, Sung Ju HwangICML 2024 · 19 citations
- Flatten Graphs as Sequences: Transformers are Scalable Graph GeneratorsDexiong Chen, Markus Krimmel, Karsten M. BorgwardtNeurIPS 2025 · 13 citations
Builds on22
- Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic ModelsJonathan Ho, Ajay Jain, Pieter AbbeelNeurIPS 2020 · 35,902 citations
- Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image SynthesisPrafulla Dhariwal, Alexander Quinn NicholNeurIPS 2021 · 13,211 citations
- Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language UnderstandingChitwan Saharia, William Chan, Saurabh Saxena, Lala Li et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 8,965 citations
- Video Diffusion ModelsJonathan Ho, Tim Salimans, Alexey A. Gritsenko, William Chan et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 2,948 citations
- Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-SpacesJacob Austin, Daniel D. Johnson, Jonathan Ho, Daniel Tarlow et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 2,256 citations
Related papers
- Discrete-state Continuous-time Diffusion for Graph GenerationZhe Xu, Ruizhong Qiu, Yuzhong Chen, Huiyuan Chen et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 92 citations
- Conditional Diffusion Based on Discrete Graph Structures for Molecular Graph GenerationHan Huang, Leilei Sun, Bowen Du, Weifeng LvAAAI 2023 · 72 citations
- Diffuse, Sample, Project: Plug-And-Play Controllable Graph GenerationKartik Sharma, Srijan Kumar, Rakshit S. TrivediICML 2024 · 8 citations
- Equivariant Diffusion for Molecule Generation in 3DEmiel Hoogeboom, Victor Garcia Satorras, Clément Vignac, Max WellingICML 2022 · 865 citations
- Global and Local Topology-Aware Graph Generation via Dual Conditioning DiffusionYuhang Xie, Sinno Jialin PanICLR 2026
