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CRYPTO2026Top-tier venue

Unclonable Encryption in the Haar Random Oracle Model

James Bartusek, Eli Goldin

2026Year

Abstract

We construct unclonable encryption (UE) in the Haar random oracle model, where all parties have query access to U,U†,U∗,UTU,U^\dagger,U^*,U^T for a Haar random unitary UU. Our scheme satisfies the standard notion of unclonable indistinguishability security, supports reuse of the secret key, and can encrypt arbitrary-length messages. That is, we give the first evidence that (reusable) UE, which requires computational assumptions, exists in "microcrypt", a world where one-way functions may not exist. As one of our central technical contributions, we build on the recently introduced path recording framework to prove a natural ``unitary reprogramming lemma'', which may be of independent interest.

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