Exploring the Effects of Augmented Reality Notification Type and Placement in AR HMD while Walking

Augmented reality (AR) helps users easily accept information when they are walking by providing virtual information in front of their eyes. However, it remains unclear how to present AR notifications considering the expected user reaction to interruption. Therefore, we investigated to confirm appropriate placement methods for each type by dividing it into notification types that are handled immediately (high) or that are performed later (low). We compared two coordinate systems (display-fixed and body-fixed) and three positions (top, right, and bottom) for the notification placement. We found significant effects of notification type and placement on how notifications are perceived during the AR notification experience. Using a display-fixed coordinate system responded faster for high notification types, whereas using a body-fixed coordinate system resulted in quick walking speed for low ones. As for the position, the high types had a higher notification performance at the bottom position, but the low types had enhanced walking performance at the right position. Based on the finding of our experiment, we suggest some recommendations for the future design of AR notification while walking.