ACL Findings2024
Paying More Attention to Source Context: Mitigating Unfaithful Translations from Large Language Model
Hongbin Zhang, Kehai Chen, Xuefeng Bai, Yang Xiang, Min Zhang
Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) have showcased impressive multilingual machine translation ability. However, unlike encoder-decoder style models, decoder-only LLMs lack an explicit alignment between source and target contexts. Analyzing contribution scores during generation processes revealed that LLMs can be biased towards previously generated tokens over corresponding source tokens, leading to unfaithful translations. To address this issue, we propose to encourage LLMs to pay more attention to the source context from both source and target perspectives in zeroshot prompting: 1) adjust source context attention weights; 2) suppress irrelevant target prefix influence; Additionally, we propose 3) avoiding overreliance on the target prefix in instruction tuning. Experimental results from both humancollected unfaithfulness test sets focusing on LLM-generated unfaithful translations and general test sets, verify our methods' effectiveness across multiple language pairs. Further human evaluation shows our method's efficacy in reducing hallucinatory translations and facilitating faithful translation generation. 1
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Cited by top-tier papers6
- Exploring the Translation Mechanism of Large Language ModelsHongbin Zhang, Kehai Chen, Xuefeng Bai, Xiucheng Li et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 4 citations
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- M²PO: Multi-Perspective Multi-Pair Preference Optimization for Machine TranslationHao Wang, Linlong Xu, Heng Liu, Yangyang Liu et al.ACL 2026
Builds on15
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language ModelsEdward J. Hu, Yelong Shen, Phillip Wallis, Zeyuan Allen-Zhu et al.ICLR 2022 · 18,833 citations
- Attention is Not Only a Weight: Analyzing Transformers with Vector NormsGoro Kobayashi, Tatsuki Kuribayashi, Sho Yokoi, Kentaro InuiEMNLP 2020 · 138 citations
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- In-context Examples Selection for Machine TranslationSweta Agrawal, Chunting Zhou, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer et al.ACL Findings 2023 · 78 citations
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