From News to Forecast: Integrating Event Analysis in LLM-Based Time Series Forecasting with Reflection
Xinlei Wang, Maike Feng, Jing Qiu, Jinjin Gu, Junhua Zhao
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel approach that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative Agents to enhance time series forecasting by reasoning across both text and time series data. With language as a medium, our method adaptively integrates social events into forecasting models, aligning news content with time series fluctuations to provide richer insights. Specifically, we utilize LLM-based agents to iteratively filter out irrelevant news and employ human-like reasoning to evaluate predictions. This enables the model to analyze complex events, such as unexpected incidents and shifts in social behavior, and continuously refine the selection logic of news and the robustness of the agent's output. By integrating selected news events with time series data, we fine-tune a pre-trained LLM to predict sequences of digits in time series. The results demonstrate significant improvements in forecasting accuracy, suggesting a potential paradigm shift in time series forecasting through the effective utilization of unstructured news data.
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Cited by top-tier papers23
- Language in the Flow of Time: Time-Series-Paired Texts Weaved into a Unified Temporal NarrativeZihao Li, Xiao Lin, Zhining Liu, Jiaru Zou et al.ICLR 2026 · 41 citations
- SciTS: Scientific Time Series Understanding and Generation with LLMsWen Wu, Ziyang Zhang, Liwei Liu, Xuenan Xu et al.ICLR 2026 · 11 citations
- CausalMob: Causal Human Mobility Prediction with LLMs-derived Human Intentions toward Public EventsXiaojie Yang, Hangli Ge, Jiawei Wang, Zipei Fan et al.KDD 2025 · 11 citations
- Inferring Events from Time Series using Language ModelsMingtian Tan, Mike A. Merrill, Zachary Gottesman, Tim Althoff et al.ACL 2026 · 7 citations
- USTBench: Benchmarking and Dissecting Spatiotemporal Reasoning Capabilities of LLMs as Urban AgentsSiqi Lai, Yansong Ning, Zirui Yuan, Zhixi Chen et al.ICLR 2026 · 7 citations
Builds on23
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
- Large Language Models are Zero-Shot ReasonersTakeshi Kojima, Shixiang Shane Gu, Machel Reid, Yutaka Matsuo et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 8,168 citations
- Informer: Beyond Efficient Transformer for Long Sequence Time-Series ForecastingHaoyi Zhou, Shanghang Zhang, Jieqi Peng, Shuai Zhang et al.AAAI 2021 · 7,289 citations
- Autoformer: Decomposition Transformers with Auto-Correlation for Long-Term Series ForecastingHaixu Wu, Jiehui Xu, Jianmin Wang, Mingsheng LongNeurIPS 2021 · 5,824 citations
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