Skyloft: A General High-Efficient Scheduling Framework in User Space
Yuekai Jia, Kaifu Tian, Yuyang You, Yu Chen, Kang Chen
Abstract
Skyloft is a general and highly efficient user-space scheduling framework. It leverages user-mode interrupt to deliver and process hardware timers directly in user space. This capability enables Skyloft to achieve µs-scale preemption. Skyloft offers a set of scheduling interfaces that supports different scheduling policies, including both preemptive and nonpreemptive ones. Operating as a user-space scheduling framework, Skyloft is compatible with Linux and integrates seamlessly with high-performance I/O frameworks like DPDK.
Evaluation results show that optimizations in per-CPU scheduling with user-space timer interrupts allow Skyloft's Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS) and Round Robin (RR) to significantly reduce wake-up latency compared to their Linux counterparts (100µs vs. 10000µs). In comparison to the general scheduling framework ghOSt, Skyloft achieves a 1.2× increase in maximum throughput for Latency Critical (LC) applications. Additionally, unlike the specialized scheduling framework Shinjuku, Skyloft not only supports LC applications but also efficiently allocates CPU resources to Best Effort (BE) applications under low load conditions. By incorporating a 5µs preemption mechanism into the Work-Stealing strategy, a RocksDB Server running on Skyloft exhibits a performance improvement of 1.9× compared to Shenango.
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Cited by top-tier papers5
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- Extended User Interrupts (xUI): Fast and Flexible Notification without PollingBerk Aydogmus, Linsong Guo, Danial Zuberi, Tal Garfinkel et al.ASPLOS 2025 · 8 citations
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- SBB: Eliminating Centralized Bottlenecks in Userspace Network RuntimeKang Hu, Shuqi Dong, Chuandong Li, Ran Yi et al.OSDI 2026
- Aeolia: A Fast and Secure Userspace Interrupt-Based Storage StackChuandong Li, Ran Yi, Zonghao Zhang, Jing Liu et al.SOSP 2025
Builds on15
- Caladan: Mitigating Interference at Microsecond TimescalesJoshua Fried, Zhenyuan Ruan, Amy Ousterhout, Adam BelayOSDI 2020 · 213 citations
- The Demikernel Datapath OS Architecture for Microsecond-scale Datacenter SystemsIrene Zhang, Amanda Raybuck, Pratyush Patel, Kirk Olynyk et al.SOSP 2021 · 83 citations
- ghOSt: Fast & Flexible User-Space Delegation of Linux SchedulingJack Tigar Humphries, Neel Natu, Ashwin Chaugule, Ofir Weisse et al.SOSP 2021 · 60 citations
- Harmonizing Performance and Isolation in Microkernels with Efficient Intra-kernel Isolation and CommunicationJinyu Gu, Xinyue Wu, Wentai Li, Nian Liu et al.USENIX ATC 2020 · 51 citations
- Efficient Scheduling Policies for Microsecond-Scale TasksSarah McClure, Amy Ousterhout, Scott Shenker, Sylvia RatnasamyNSDI 2022 · 43 citations
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