Object-aware Sound Source Localization via Audio-Visual Scene Understanding

Audio-visual sound source localization task aims to spatially localize sound-making objects within visual scenes by integrating visual and audio cues. However, existing methods struggle with accurately localizing sound-making objects in complex scenes, particularly when visually similar silent objects coexist. This limitation arises primarily from their reliance on simple audio-visual correspondence, which does not capture fine-grained semantic differences between sound-making and silent objects. To address these challenges, we propose a novel sound source localization framework leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to generate detailed contextual information that explicitly distinguishes between sound-making foreground objects and silent background objects. To effectively integrate this detailed information, we introduce two novel loss functions: Object-aware Contrastive Alignment (OCA) loss and Object Region Isolation (ORI) loss. Extensive experimental results on MUSIC and VGGSound datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, significantly outperforming existing methods in both singlesource and multi-source localization scenarios. Code and generated detailed contextual information are available at: https://github.com/VisualAIKHU/OA-SSL . * Equal contribution † Corresponding author Visual Modality Audio Modality Visual Modality Background Foreground Foreground There is a playing guitar. Background There are guitars hanging on the wall, drum set, and •••.