Aligning Text to Image in Diffusion Models is Easier Than You Think
Jaa-Yeon Lee, Byunghee Cha, Jeongsol Kim, Jong Chul Ye
Abstract
While recent advancements in generative modeling have significantly improved text-image alignment, some residual misalignment between text and image representations still remains. Some approaches address this issue by fine-tuning models in terms of preference optimization, etc., which require tailored datasets. Orthogonal to these methods, we revisit the challenge from the perspective of representation alignment-an approach that has gained popularity with the success of REPresentation Alignment (REPA). We first argue that conventional text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, typically trained on paired image and text data (i.e., positive pairs) by minimizing score matching or flow matching losses, is suboptimal from the standpoint of representation alignment. Instead, a better alignment can be achieved through contrastive learning that leverages existing dataset as both positive and negative pairs. To enable efficient alignment with pretrained models, we propose SoftREPA- a lightweight contrastive fine-tuning strategy that leverages soft text tokens for representation alignment. This approach improves alignment with minimal computational overhead by adding fewer than 1M trainable parameters to the pretrained model. Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that our method explicitly increases the mutual information between text and image representations, leading to enhanced semantic consistency. Experimental results across text-to-image generation and text-guided image editing tasks validate the effectiveness of our approach in improving the semantic consistency of T2I generative models.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 42bf8cb3-4d2d-4836-b714-cccc9a198ba0Cited by top-tier papers13
- Stepwise Credit Assignment for GRPO on Flow-Matching ModelsYash Savani, Branislav Kveton, Yuchen Liu, Yilin Wang et al.CVPR 2026 · 11 citations
- SPRINT: Sparse-Dense Residual Fusion for Efficient Diffusion TransformersDogyun Park, Moayed Haji-Ali, Yanyu Li, Willi Menapace et al.ICLR 2026 · 6 citations
- MATRIX: Mask Track Alignment for Interaction-aware Video GenerationSiyoon Jin, Seongchan Kim, Jae Ho Lee, Dahyun Chung et al.ICLR 2026 · 4 citations
- DiverseDiT: Towards Diverse Representation Learning in Diffusion TransformersMengping Yang, Zhiyu Tan, Binglei Li, Xiaomeng Yang et al.CVPR 2026 · 4 citations
- D²PPO: Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization with Dispersive LossGuowei Zou, Weibing Li, Hejun Wu, Yukun Qian et al.AAAI 2026 · 3 citations
Builds on33
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual RepresentationsTing Chen, Simon Kornblith, Mohammad Norouzi, Geoffrey E. HintonICML 2020 · 24,064 citations
- High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion ModelsRobin Rombach, Andreas Blattmann, Dominik Lorenz, Patrick Esser et al.CVPR 2022 · 13,123 citations
- Denoising Diffusion Implicit ModelsJiaming Song, Chenlin Meng, Stefano ErmonICLR 2021 · 11,743 citations
- Visual Instruction TuningHaotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Qingyang Wu, Yong Jae LeeNeurIPS 2023 · 11,349 citations
Related papers
- Alignment-Guided Score Matching for Text-to-Image Alignment in Diffusion ModelsJaa-Yeon Lee, Yeobin Hong, Taesung Kwon, Jong Chul YEICML 2026
- CoMat: Aligning Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Image-to-Text Concept MatchingDongzhi Jiang, Guanglu Song, Xiaoshi Wu, Renrui Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 75 citations
- Prompt Augmentation for Self-supervised Text-guided Image ManipulationRumeysa Bodur, Binod Bhattarai, Tae-Kyun KimCVPR 2024
- Diffusion Adaptive Text Embedding for Text-to-Image Diffusion ModelsByeonghu Na, Minsang Park, Gyuwon Sim, Donghyeok Shin et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 8 citations
- Curriculum Direct Preference Optimization for Diffusion and Consistency ModelsFlorinel-Alin Croitoru, Vlad Hondru, Radu Tudor Ionescu, Nicu Sebe et al.CVPR 2025
