Piecewise Linear Parametrization of Policies: Towards Interpretable Deep Reinforcement Learning
Maxime Wabartha, Joelle Pineau
Abstract
Learning inherently interpretable policies is a central challenge in the path to developing autonomous agents that humans can trust. Linear policies can justify their decisions while interacting in a dynamic environment, but their reduced expressivity prevents them from solving hard tasks. Instead, we argue for the use of piecewise-linear policies. We carefully study to what extent they can retain the interpretable properties of linear policies while reaching competitive performance with neural baselines. In particular, we propose the HyperCombinator (HC), a piecewise-linear neural architecture expressing a policy with a controllably small number of sub-policies. Each sub-policy is linear with respect to interpretable features, shedding light on the decision process of the agent without requiring an additional explanation model. We evaluate HC policies in control and navigation experiments, visualize the improved interpretability of the agent and highlight its trade-off with performance. Moreover, we validate that the restricted model class that the HyperCombinator belongs to is compatible with the algorithmic constraints of various reinforcement learning algorithms.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 3e2eae92-8fb8-44fe-8f22-2a2f57a0289bCited by top-tier papers3
- Simplicial Embeddings Improve Sample Efficiency in Actor–Critic AgentsJohan Obando-Ceron, Walter Mayor, Samuel Lavoie, Scott Fujimoto et al.ICLR 2026 · 12 citations
- SkillTree: Explainable Skill-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon Control TasksYongyan Wen, Siyuan Li, Rongchang Zuo, Lei Yuan et al.AAAI 2025 · 4 citations
- Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct OptimizationSascha Marton, Tim Grams, Florian Vogt, Stefan Lüdtke et al.ICLR 2025
Builds on12
- Deep Reinforcement Learning at the Edge of the Statistical PrecipiceRishabh Agarwal, Max Schwarzer, Pablo Samuel Castro, Aaron C. Courville et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 1,067 citations
- Improving Sample Efficiency in Model-Free Reinforcement Learning from ImagesDenis Yarats, Amy Zhang, Ilya Kostrikov, Brandon Amos et al.AAAI 2021 · 506 citations
- Explanations Can Reduce Overreliance on AI Systems During Decision-MakingHelena Vasconcelos, Matthew Jörke, Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin, Tobias Gerstenberg et al.CSCW 2023 · 362 citations
- Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning with Imagined SubgoalsElliot Chane-Sane, Cordelia Schmid, Ivan LaptevICML 2021 · 183 citations
- Counterfactual Explanations Can Be ManipulatedDylan Slack, Anna Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju, Sameer SinghNeurIPS 2021 · 182 citations
Related papers
- Learning Prescriptive ReLU NetworksWei Sun, Asterios TsiourvasICML 2023 · 3 citations
- Discovering symbolic policies with deep reinforcement learningMikel Landajuela, Brenden K. Petersen, Sookyung Kim, Cláudio P. Santiago et al.ICML 2021 · 118 citations
- BlendRL: A Framework for Merging Symbolic and Neural Policy LearningHikaru Shindo, Quentin Delfosse, Devendra Singh Dhami, Kristian KerstingICLR 2025
- Multi-Level Compositional Reasoning for Interactive Instruction FollowingSuvaansh Bhambri, Byeonghwi Kim, Jonghyun ChoiAAAI 2023 · 14 citations
- SMoSE: Sparse Mixture of Shallow Experts for Interpretable Reinforcement Learning in Continuous Control TasksMátyás Vincze, Laura Ferrarotti, Leonardo Lucio Custode, Bruno Lepri et al.AAAI 2025 · 3 citations
