Form-From: A Design Space of Social Media Systems
Amy X. Zhang, Michael S. Bernstein, David R. Karger, Mark S. Ackerman
Abstract
Social media systems are as varied as they are pervasive. They have been almost universally adopted for a broad range of purposes including work, entertainment, activism, and decision making. As a result, they have also diversified, with many distinct designs differing in content type, organization, delivery mechanism, access control, and many other dimensions. In this work, we aim to characterize and then distill a concise design space of social media systems that can help us understand similarities and differences, recognize potential consequences of design choices, and identify spaces for innovation. Our model, which we call Form-From, characterizes social media based on (1) the form of the content, either threaded or flat, and (2) from where or from whom one might receive content, ranging from spaces to networks to the commons. We derive Form-From inductively from a larger set of 62 dimensions organized into 10 categories. To demonstrate the utility of our model, we trace the history of social media systems as they traverse the Form-From space over time, and we identify common design patterns within cells of the model.
CCS Concepts: • Human-centered computing → Social media; Collaborative and social computing systems and tools.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 3a5380ac-1470-48ef-b07f-5f877c8eaf25Cited by top-tier papers15
- Hashtag Re-Appropriation for Audience Control on Recommendation-Driven Social Media Xiaohongshu (rednote)Ruyuan Wan, Lingbo Tong, Tiffany Knearem, Toby Jia-Jun Li et al.CHI 2025 · 19 citations
- "It's Great Because It's Ran By Us": Empowering Teen Volunteer Discord Moderators to Design Healthy and Engaging Youth-Led Online CommunitiesJina Yoon, Amy X. Zhang, Joseph SeeringCSCW 2025 · 5 citations
- Beyond Community Notes: A Framework for Understanding and Building Crowdsourced Context Systems for Social MediaTravis Lloyd, Tung Nguyen, Karen Levy, Mor NaamanCHI 2026 · 2 citations
- When Handwriting Goes Social: Creativity, Anonymity, and Communication in Graphonymous Online Spaces: Graphonymous InteractionAditya Kumar Purohit, Aditya Upadhyaya, Nicolas Ruiz, Alberto Monge Roffarello et al.CHI 2026 · 2 citations
- Comparing Design Metaphors and User-Driven Metaphors for Interaction DesignBeleicia Bullock, James A. Landay, Michael S. BernsteinCHI 2026 · 2 citations
Builds on5
- A Design Space for Privacy Choices: Towards Meaningful Privacy Control in the Internet of ThingsYuanyuan Feng, Yaxing Yao, Norman M. SadehCHI 2021 · 114 citations
- Personalizing Content Moderation on Social Media: User Perspectives on Moderation Choices, Interface Design, and LaborShagun Jhaver, Alice Qian Zhang, Quan Ze Chen, Nikhila Natarajan et al.CSCW 2023 · 87 citations
- ArguLens: Anatomy of Community Opinions On Usability Issues Using Argumentation ModelsWenting Wang, Deeksha M. Arya, Nicole Novielli, Jinghui Cheng et al.CHI 2020 · 29 citations
- Mapping the Design Space of Teachable Social Media Feed ExperiencesK. J. Kevin Feng, Xander Koo, Lawrence Tan, Amy S. Bruckman et al.CHI 2024 · 20 citations
- Configuring Audiences: A Case Study of Email CommunicationJustine Zhang, James W. Pennebaker, Susan T. Dumais, Eric HorvitzCSCW 2020 · 9 citations
Related papers
- What do we mean by social support? A systematic review of HCI research investigating and designing for social supportXuanyu Liu, Joseph Heger, Irene Yu, Gabriela MarcuCHI 2026 · 1 citation
- What Do We Mean When We Talk about Trust in Social Media? A Systematic ReviewYixuan Zhang, Joseph D. Gaggiano, Nutchanon Yongsatianchot, Nurul M. Suhaimi et al.CHI 2023 · 26 citations
- Unplatformed Design: A Model for Appropriating Social Media Technologies for Coordinated ParticipationDaniel Lambton-Howard, Patrick Olivier, Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Hanna Celina et al.CHI 2020 · 44 citations
- Trust and Friction: Negotiating How Information Flows through Decentralized Social MediaSohyeon Hwang, Priyanka Nanayakkara, Yan ShvartzshnaiderCSCW 2025 · 3 citations
- Reflecting on 1, 000 Social Media Journeys: Generational Patterns in Platform TransitionArtur Solomonik, Nicolas Ruiz, Hendrik HeuerCHI 2026 · 1 citation
