Towards Robust Pruning: An Adaptive Knowledge-Retention Pruning Strategy for Language Models
Jianwei Li, Qi Lei, Wei Cheng, Dongkuan Xu
Abstract
The pruning objective has recently extended beyond accuracy and sparsity to robustness in language models. Despite this, existing methods struggle to enhance robustness against adversarial attacks when continually increasing model sparsity and require a retraining process. As humans step into the era of large language models, these issues become increasingly prominent. This paper proposes that the robustness of language models is proportional to the extent of pre-trained knowledge they encompass. Accordingly, we introduce a post-training pruning strategy designed to faithfully replicate the embedding space and feature space of dense language models, aiming to conserve more pre-trained knowledge during the pruning process. In this setup, each layer’s reconstruction error not only originates from itself but also includes cumulative error from preceding layers, followed by an adaptive rectification. Compared to other state-of-art baselines, our approach demonstrates a superior balance between accuracy, sparsity, robustness, and pruning cost with BERT on datasets SST2, IMDB, and AGNews, marking a significant stride towards robust pruning in language models.
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Cited by top-tier papers3
- Purifying Generative LLMs from Backdoors without Prior Knowledge or Clean ReferenceJianwei Li, Jung-Eun KimICLR 2026 · 8 citations
- A Robust Optimization Guided Pruning Framework for Vision and Large Language ModelsGabriel Afriat, Hussein Hazimeh, Dimitris Paparas, Rahul MazumderICML 2026
- FOCUS & RePAIR: Mitigating Text Degeneration via Token-Level Guidance For Pruned Large Language ModelsJunyoung Lee, Sehyeon Park, Shinhyoung Jang, Seonha Ryu et al.ICML 2026
Builds on21
- Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackLong Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 24,707 citations
- Model soups: averaging weights of multiple fine-tuned models improves accuracy without increasing inference timeMitchell Wortsman, Gabriel Ilharco, Samir Yitzhak Gadre, Rebecca Roelofs et al.ICML 2022 · 1,464 citations
- Is BERT Really Robust? A Strong Baseline for Natural Language Attack on Text Classification and EntailmentDi Jin, Zhijing Jin, Joey Tianyi Zhou, Peter SzolovitsAAAI 2020 · 1,333 citations
- SparseGPT: Massive Language Models Can be Accurately Pruned in One-ShotElias Frantar, Dan AlistarhICML 2023 · 1,240 citations
- TextBugger: Generating Adversarial Text Against Real-world ApplicationsJinfeng Li, Shouling Ji, Tianyu Du, Bo Li et al.NDSS 2019 · 876 citations
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