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EMNLP Findings2021

HypoGen: Hyperbole Generation with Commonsense and Counterfactual Knowledge

Yufei Tian, Arvind Krishna Sridhar, Nanyun Peng

Abstract

A hyperbole is an intentional and creative exaggeration not to be taken literally. Despite its ubiquity in daily life, the computational explorations of hyperboles are scarce. In this paper, we tackle the under-explored and challenging task: sentence-level hyperbole generation. We start with a representative syntactic pattern for intensification and systematically study the semantic (commonsense and counterfactual) relationships between each component in such hyperboles. Next, we leverage the COMeT and reverse COMeT models to do commonsense and counterfactual inference. We then generate multiple hyperbole candidates based on our findings from the pattern, and train neural classifiers to rank and select high-quality hyperboles. Automatic and human evaluations show that our generation method is able to generate hyperboles creatively with high success rate and intensity scores.

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Cited by top-tier papers8

  1. AESOP: Paraphrase Generation with Adaptive Syntactic ControlJiao Sun, Xuezhe Ma, Nanyun PengEMNLP 2021 · 47 citations
  2. Learning to Imagine: Integrating Counterfactual Thinking in Neural Discrete ReasoningMoxin Li, Fuli Feng, Hanwang Zhang, Xiangnan He et al.ACL 2022 · 39 citations
  3. Enhancing Hyperbole and Metaphor Detection with Their Bidirectional Dynamic Interaction and Emotion KnowledgeLi Zheng, Sihang Wang, Hao Fei, Zuquan Peng et al.ACL 2025 · 5 citations
  4. A Multidimensional Framework for Evaluating Lexical Semantic Change with Social Science ApplicationsNaomi Baes, Nick Haslam, Ekaterina VylomovaACL 2024 · 5 citations
  5. ParaAMR: A Large-Scale Syntactically Diverse Paraphrase Dataset by AMR Back-TranslationKuan-Hao Huang, Varun Iyer, I-Hung Hsu, Anoop Kumar et al.ACL 2023 · 3 citations

Builds on5

  1. BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTTianyi Zhang, Varsha Kishore, Felix Wu, Kilian Q. Weinberger et al.ICLR 2020 · 8,443 citations
  2. AESOP: Paraphrase Generation with Adaptive Syntactic ControlJiao Sun, Xuezhe Ma, Nanyun PengEMNLP 2021 · 47 citations
  3. Generating similes effortlessly like a Pro: A Style Transfer Approach for Simile GenerationTuhin Chakrabarty, Smaranda Muresan, Nanyun PengEMNLP 2020 · 46 citations
  4. Identifying Exaggerated LanguageLi Kong, Chuanyi Li, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo et al.EMNLP 2020 · 11 citations
  5. Metaphor Generation with Conceptual MappingsKevin Stowe, Tuhin Chakrabarty, Nanyun Peng, Smaranda Muresan et al.ACL 2021

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