An Empirical Study on Configuring In-Context Learning Demonstrations for Unleashing MLLMs' Sentimental Perception Capability
Daiqing Wu, Dongbao Yang, Sicheng Zhao, Can Ma, Yu Zhou
Abstract
The advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled various multimodal tasks to be addressed under a zeroshot paradigm. This paradigm sidesteps the cost of model fine-tuning, emerging as a dominant trend in practical application. Nevertheless, Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA), a pivotal challenge in the quest for general artificial intelligence, fails to accommodate this convenience. The zeroshot paradigm exhibits undesirable performance on MSA, casting doubt on whether MLLMs can perceive sentiments as competent as supervised models. By extending the zero-shot paradigm to In-Context Learning (ICL) and conducting an indepth study on configuring demonstrations, we validate that MLLMs indeed possess such capability. Specifically, three key factors that cover demonstrations' retrieval, presentation, and distribution are comprehensively investigated and optimized. A sentimental predictive bias inherent in MLLMs is also discovered and later effectively counteracted. By complementing each other, the devised strategies for three factors result in average accuracy improvements of 15.9% on six MSA datasets against the zero-shot paradigm and 11.2% against the random ICL baseline. Configuring ICL Demonstrations for Unleashing MLLMs' Sentimental Perception Capability A post contains an image, a text and an aspect. Identify the sentiment of the aspect in the post. The optional categories are [Positive, Neutral, Negative]. Here are some examples.
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Cited by top-tier papers2
- Customizing Visual Emotion Evaluation for MLLMs: An Open-vocabulary, Multifaceted, and Scalable ApproachDaiqing Wu, Dongbao Yang, Sicheng Zhao, Can Ma et al.ICLR 2026 · 4 citations
- Why Multimodal In-Context Learning Lags Behind? Unveiling the Inner Mechanisms and BottlenecksYu Wang, Sharon LiACL 2026
Builds on29
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion ModelsRobin Rombach, Andreas Blattmann, Dominik Lorenz, Patrick Esser et al.CVPR 2022 · 13,123 citations
- BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language ModelsJunnan Li, Dongxu Li, Silvio Savarese, Steven C. H. HoiICML 2023 · 7,873 citations
- Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot LearningJean-Baptiste Alayrac, Jeff Donahue, Pauline Luc, Antoine Miech et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 6,707 citations
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