Consistency Models as a Rich and Efficient Policy Class for Reinforcement Learning
Zihan Ding, Chi Jin
Abstract
Score-based generative models like the diffusion model have been testified to be effective in modeling multi-modal data from image generation to reinforcement learning (RL). However, the inference process of diffusion model can be slow, which hinders its usage in RL with iterative sampling. We propose to apply the consistency model as an efficient yet expressive policy representation, namely consistency policy, with an actor-critic style algorithm for three typical RL settings: offline, offline-to-online and online. For offline RL, we demonstrate the expressiveness of generative models as policies from multi-modal data. For offline-to-online RL, the consistency policy is shown to be more computational efficient than diffusion policy, with a comparable performance. For online RL, the consistency policy demonstrates significant speedup and even higher average performances than the diffusion policy.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 2e166780-a931-4202-80bb-6117ec1a42c2Cited by top-tier papers40
- Learning Multimodal Behaviors from Scratch with Diffusion Policy GradientSteven Li, Rickmer Krohn, Tao Chen, Anurag Ajay et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 61 citations
- Diffusion-DICE: In-Sample Diffusion Guidance for Offline Reinforcement LearningLiyuan Mao, Haoran Xu, Xianyuan Zhan, Weinan Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 49 citations
- Flow-Based Policy for Online Reinforcement LearningLei Lyu, Yunfei Li, Yu Luo, Fuchun Sun et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 39 citations
- Q-Learning with Adjoint MatchingQiyang Li, Sergey LevineICLR 2026 · 36 citations
- EXPO: Stable Reinforcement Learning with Expressive PoliciesPerry Dong, Qiyang Li, Dorsa Sadigh, Chelsea FinnICLR 2026 · 35 citations
Builds on23
- Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic ModelsJonathan Ho, Ajay Jain, Pieter AbbeelNeurIPS 2020 · 35,902 citations
- Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative ModelsTero Karras, Miika Aittala, Timo Aila, Samuli LaineNeurIPS 2022 · 3,959 citations
- Conservative Q-Learning for Offline Reinforcement LearningAviral Kumar, Aurick Zhou, George Tucker, Sergey LevineNeurIPS 2020 · 2,881 citations
- Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence ModelingLili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 2,557 citations
- Consistency ModelsYang Song, Prafulla Dhariwal, Mark Chen, Ilya SutskeverICML 2023 · 1,720 citations
Related papers
- Flow-Based Single-Step Completion for Efficient and Expressive Policy LearningPrajwal Koirala, Cody FlemingICLR 2026 · 12 citations
- Score Regularized Policy Optimization through Diffusion BehaviorHuayu Chen, Cheng Lu, Zhengyi Wang, Hang Su et al.ICLR 2024 · 59 citations
- Learning a Diffusion Model Policy from Rewards via Q-Score MatchingMichael Psenka, Alejandro Escontrela, Pieter Abbeel, Yi MaICML 2024 · 90 citations
- Diffusion Policies as an Expressive Policy Class for Offline Reinforcement LearningZhendong Wang, Jonathan J. Hunt, Mingyuan ZhouICLR 2023 · 33 citations
- Offline Reinforcement Learning with Generative Trajectory PoliciesXinsong Feng, Leshu Tang, Chenan Wang, Haipeng ChenICML 2026 · 1 citation
