Consistent Plug-in Classifiers for Complex Objectives and Constraints
Shiv Kumar Tavker, Harish Guruprasad Ramaswamy, Harikrishna Narasimhan
Abstract
We present a consistent algorithm for constrained classification problems where the objective (e.g. F-measure, G-mean) and the constraints (e.g. demographic parity fairness, coverage) are defined by general functions of the confusion matrix. Our approach reduces the problem into a sequence of plug-in classifier learning tasks. The reduction is achieved by posing the learning problem as an optimization over the intersection of two sets: the set of confusion matrices that are achievable and those that are feasible. This decoupling of the constraint space then allows us to solve the problem by applying Frank-Wolfe style optimization over the individual sets. For objective and constraints that are convex functions of the confusion matrix, our algorithm requires O(1/✏ 2 ) calls to the plug-in subroutine, which improves on the O(1/✏ 3 ) calls needed by the reduction-based algorithm of Narasimhan (2018) [29] . We show empirically that our algorithm is competitive with prior methods, while being more robust to choices of hyper-parameters.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers5
- Fair Performance Metric ElicitationGaurush Hiranandani, Harikrishna Narasimhan, Oluwasanmi KoyejoNeurIPS 2020 · 20 citations
- Training Over-parameterized Models with Non-decomposable ObjectivesHarikrishna Narasimhan, Aditya Krishna MenonNeurIPS 2021 · 16 citations
- Learning to Reject Meets Long-tail LearningHarikrishna Narasimhan, Aditya Krishna Menon, Wittawat Jitkrittum, Neha Gupta et al.ICLR 2024 · 7 citations
- Cost-Sensitive Self-Training for Optimizing Non-Decomposable MetricsHarsh Rangwani, Shrinivas Ramasubramanian, Sho Takemori, Kato Takashi et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 7 citations
- Principled Algorithms for Optimizing Generalized Metrics in Binary ClassificationAnqi Mao, Mehryar Mohri, Yutao ZhongICML 2025
Builds on2
- Optimizing Black-box Metrics with Adaptive SurrogatesQijia Jiang, Olaoluwa Adigun, Harikrishna Narasimhan, Mahdi Milani Fard et al.ICML 2020 · 19 citations
- Approximate Heavily-Constrained Learning with Lagrange Multiplier ModelsHarikrishna Narasimhan, Andrew Cotter, Yichen Zhou, Serena Lutong Wang et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 13 citations
Related papers
- Demystifying the Optimal Fair Classifier in Multi-Class ClassificationLi Zhang, Yuyuan Li, XiaoHua Feng, Jiaming Zhang et al.ICML 2026
- Conditional Learning of Fair RepresentationsHan Zhao, Amanda Coston, Tameem Adel, Geoffrey J. GordonICLR 2020 · 127 citations
- Fair regression via plug-in estimator and recalibration with statistical guaranteesEvgenii Chzhen, Christophe Denis, Mohamed Hebiri, Luca Oneto et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 52 citations
- Efficient Fairness-Performance Pareto Front ComputationMark Kozdoba, Binyamin Perets, Shie MannorNeurIPS 2025 · 2 citations
- Learning with Statistical Equality ConstraintsAneesh Barthakur, Luiz F. O. ChamonNeurIPS 2025 · 1 citation
