FLoC: Facility Location-Based Efficient Visual Token Compression for Long Video Understanding
Janghoon Cho, Jungsoo Lee, Munawar Hayat, Kyuwoong Hwang, Fatih Porikli, Sungha Choi
Abstract
Recent studies in long video understanding have harnessed the advanced visual-language reasoning capabilities of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), driving the evolution of video-LMMs specialized for processing extended video sequences. However, the scalability of these models is severely limited by the overwhelming volume of visual tokens generated from extended video sequences. To address this challenge, we propose FLoC, an efficient visual token compression framework based on the facility location function, a principled approach that swiftly selects a compact yet highly representative and diverse subset of visual tokens within a predefined budget on the number of visual tokens. By integrating the lazy greedy algorithm, our method achieves remarkable efficiency gains by swiftly selecting a compact subset of tokens, drastically reducing the number of visual tokens while guaranteeing near-optimal performance. Notably, our approach is training-free, model-agnostic, and query-agnostic, providing a versatile solution that seamlessly integrates with diverse video-LLMs and existing workflows. Extensive evaluations on large-scale benchmarks, such as Video-MME, MLVU, LongVideoBench, and EgoSchema, show that our framework consistently surpasses recent compression techniques, highlighting its effectiveness and robustness in addressing the challenges of long video understanding as well as its processing efficiency.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 23cf046a-89aa-418e-967d-c3bb1b51cde3Cited by top-tier papers1
Ask how each one uses itBuilds on15
- Visual Instruction TuningHaotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Qingyang Wu, Yong Jae LeeNeurIPS 2023 · 11,349 citations
- Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before ProjectionBin Lin, Yang Ye, Bin Zhu, Jiaxi Cui et al.EMNLP 2024 · 231 citations
- MovieChat: From Dense Token to Sparse Memory for Long Video UnderstandingEnxin Song, Wenhao Chai, Guanhong Wang, Yucheng Zhang et al.CVPR 2024 · 95 citations
- Generic Event Boundary Detection: A Benchmark for Event SegmentationMike Zheng Shou, Stan Weixian Lei, Weiyao Wang, Deepti Ghadiyaram et al.ICCV 2021 · 91 citations
- FastVID: Dynamic Density Pruning for Fast Video Large Language ModelsLeqi Shen, Guoqiang Gong, Tao He, Yifeng Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 56 citations
Related papers
- METok: Multi-Stage Event-based Token Compression for Efficient Long Video UnderstandingMengyue Wang, Shuo Chen, Kristian Kersting, Volker Tresp et al.EMNLP 2025 · 5 citations
- Free-Moref: Instantly Multiplexing Context Perception Capabilities of Video-Mllms Within Single InferenceKuo Wang, Quanlong Zheng, Junlin Xie, Yanhao Zhang et al.ICCV 2025
- One Token per Highly Selective Frame: Towards Extreme Compression for Long Video UnderstandingZheyu Zhang, Ziqi Pang, Shixing Chen, Xiang Hao et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 5 citations
- LongVU: Spatiotemporal Adaptive Compression for Long Video-Language UnderstandingXiaoqian Shen, Yunyang Xiong, Changsheng Zhao, Lemeng Wu et al.ICML 2025
- Less Is More, but Where? Dynamic Token Compression via LLM-Guided Keyframe PriorYulin Li, Haokun Gui, Ziyang Fan, Junjie Wang et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 18 citations
