Grounded Text-to-Image Synthesis with Attention Refocusing

Driven by the scalable diffusion models trained on large-scale datasets, text-to-image synthesis methods have shown compelling results. However, these models still fail to pre-cisely follow the text prompt involving multiple objects, attributes, or spatial compositions. In this paper, we reveal the potential causes in the diffusion model's cross-attention and self-attention layers. We propose two novel losses to refocus attention maps according to a given spatial layout during sampling. Creating the layouts manually requires additional effort and can be tedious. Therefore, we explore using large language models (LLM) to produce these lay-outs for our method. We conduct extensive experiments on the DrawBench, HRS, and TIFA benchmarks to evaluate our proposed method. We show that our proposed attention re-focusing effectively improves the controllability of existing approaches.