AKG: automatic kernel generation for neural processing units using polyhedral transformations
Jie Zhao, Bojie Li, Wang Nie, Zhen Geng, Renwei Zhang, Xiong Gao, Bin Cheng, Chen Wu, Yun Cheng, Zheng Li, Peng Di, Kun Zhang, Xuefeng Jin
Abstract
Existing tensor compilers have proven their effectiveness in deploying deep neural networks on general-purpose hardware like CPU and GPU, but optimizing for neural processing units (NPUs) is still challenging due to the heterogeneous compute units and complicated memory hierarchy.
In this paper, we present AKG, a tensor compiler for NPUs. AKG first lowers the tensor expression language to a polyhedral representation, which is used to automate the memory management of NPUs. Unlike existing approaches that resort to manually written schedules, AKG leverages polyhedral schedulers to perform a much wider class of transformations, and extends the semantics of the polyhedral representation to combine complex tiling techniques and hierarchical fusion
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers27
- SparseTIR: Composable Abstractions for Sparse Compilation in Deep LearningZihao Ye, Ruihang Lai, Junru Shao, Tianqi Chen et al.ASPLOS 2023 · 86 citations
- ROLLER: Fast and Efficient Tensor Compilation for Deep LearningHongyu Zhu, Ruofan Wu, Yijia Diao, Shanbin Ke et al.OSDI 2022 · 84 citations
- TensorIR: An Abstraction for Automatic Tensorized Program OptimizationSiyuan Feng, Bohan Hou, Hongyi Jin, Wuwei Lin et al.ASPLOS 2023 · 80 citations
- AMOS: enabling automatic mapping for tensor computations on spatial accelerators with hardware abstractionSize Zheng, Renze Chen, Anjiang Wei, Yicheng Jin et al.ISCA 2022 · 63 citations
- Coverage-guided tensor compiler fuzzing with joint IR-pass mutationJiawei Liu, Yuxiang Wei, Sen Yang, Yinlin Deng et al.OOPSLA 2022 · 50 citations
Builds on5
- Ansor: Generating High-Performance Tensor Programs for Deep LearningLianmin Zheng, Chengfan Jia, Minmin Sun, Zhao Wu et al.OSDI 2020 · 551 citations
- Rammer: Enabling Holistic Deep Learning Compiler Optimizations with rTasksLingxiao Ma, Zhiqiang Xie, Zhi Yang, Jilong Xue et al.OSDI 2020 · 192 citations
- FlexTensor: An Automatic Schedule Exploration and Optimization Framework for Tensor Computation on Heterogeneous SystemSize Zheng, Yun Liang, Shuo Wang, Renze Chen et al.ASPLOS 2020 · 171 citations
- Fast stencil-code computation on a wafer-scale processorKamil Rocki, Dirk Van Essendelft, Ilya Sharapov, Robert Schreiber et al.SC 2020 · 69 citations
- Optimizing the Memory Hierarchy by Compositing Automatic Transformations on Computations and DataJie Zhao, Peng DiMICRO 2020 · 32 citations
Related papers
- Optimal Kernel Orchestration for Tensor Programs with KorchMuyan Hu, Ashwin Venkatram, Shreyashri Biswas, Balamurugan Marimuthu et al.ASPLOS 2024 · 11 citations
- Mosaic: Exploiting Instruction-Level Parallelism on Deep Learning Accelerators with iTex TessellationJianxing Xu, Yuanbo Wen, Zikang Liu, Ruibai Xu et al.ASPLOS 2025 · 2 citations
- NeuMMU: Architectural Support for Efficient Address Translations in Neural Processing UnitsBongjoon Hyun, Youngeun Kwon, Yujeong Choi, John Kim et al.ASPLOS 2020 · 29 citations
- PipeThreader: Software-Defined Pipelining for Efficient DNN ExecutionYu Cheng, Lei Wang, Yining Shi, Yuqing Xia et al.OSDI 2025 · 9 citations
- StreamTensor: Make Tensors Stream in Dataflow Accelerators for LLMsHanchen Ye, Deming ChenMICRO 2025 · 5 citations
