Language Guided Skill Discovery
Seungeun Rho, Laura Smith, Tianyu Li, Sergey Levine, Xue Bin Peng, Sehoon Ha
Abstract
Skill discovery methods enable agents to learn diverse emergent behaviors without explicit rewards. To make learned skills useful for downstream tasks, obtaining a semantically diverse repertoire of skills is crucial. While some approaches use discriminators to acquire distinguishable skills and others focus on increasing state coverage, the direct pursuit of 'semantic diversity' in skills remains underexplored. We hypothesize that leveraging the semantic knowledge of large language models (LLM) can lead us to improve semantic diversity of resulting behaviors. In this sense, we introduce Language Guided Skill Discovery (LGSD), a skill discovery framework that aims to directly maximize the semantic diversity between skills. LGSD takes user prompts as input and outputs a set of semantically distinctive skills. The prompts serve as a means to constrain the search space into a semantically desired subspace, and the generated LLM outputs guide the agent to visit semantically diverse states within the subspace. We demonstrate that LGSD enables legged robots to visit different user-intended areas on a plane by simply changing the prompt. Furthermore, we show that language guidance aids in discovering more diverse skills compared to five existing skill discovery methods in robot-arm manipulation environments. Lastly, LGSD provides a simple way of utilizing learned skills via natural language.
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Cited by top-tier papers6
- Periodic Skill DiscoveryJonghae Park, Daesol Cho, Jusuk Lee, Dongseok Shim et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 3 citations
- HiMaCon: Discovering Hierarchical Manipulation Concepts from Unlabeled Multi-Modal DataRuizhe Liu, Pei Zhou, Qian Luo, Li Sun et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 2 citations
- Reference Grounded Skill DiscoverySeungeun Rho, Aaron Trinh, Danfei Xu, Sehoon HaICLR 2026 · 2 citations
- Behavioral Mode Discovery for Fine-tuning Multimodal Generative PoliciesAlberta Longhini, David Emukpere, Jean-Michel Renders, Seungsu KimICML 2026 · 1 citation
- DataEnvGym: Data Generation Agents in Teacher Environments with Student FeedbackZaid Khan, Elias Stengel-Eskin, Jaemin Cho, Mohit BansalICLR 2025
Builds on15
- PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language ModelDanny Driess, Fei Xia, Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi, Corey Lynch et al.ICML 2023 · 2,601 citations
- Eureka: Human-Level Reward Design via Coding Large Language ModelsYecheng Jason Ma, William Liang, Guanzhi Wang, De-An Huang et al.ICLR 2024 · 582 citations
- Dynamics-Aware Unsupervised Discovery of SkillsArchit Sharma, Shixiang Gu, Sergey Levine, Vikash Kumar et al.ICLR 2020 · 475 citations
- Reinforcement Learning with Prototypical RepresentationsDenis Yarats, Rob Fergus, Alessandro Lazaric, Lerrel PintoICML 2021 · 262 citations
- Behavior From the Void: Unsupervised Active Pre-TrainingHao Liu, Pieter AbbeelNeurIPS 2021 · 258 citations
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