On the Anisotropy of Score-Based Generative Models
Andreas Floros, Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli, Pier Luigi Dragotti
Abstract
We investigate the role of network architecture in shaping the inductive biases of modern score-based generative models. To this end, we introduce the Score Anisotropy Directions (SADs), architecture-dependent directions that reveal how different networks preferentially capture data structure. Our analysis suggests that SADs form adaptive bases aligned with the architecture's output geometry, providing a principled way to predict generalization ability in score models prior to training. Through both synthetic data and standard image benchmarks, we demonstrate that SADs reliably capture fine-grained model behavior and correlate with downstream performance, as measured by Wasserstein metrics. Our work offers a new lens for explaining and predicting directional biases of generative models.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 15219269-ebda-49a8-88f3-4cf3a163b894Cited by top-tier papers1
Ask how each one uses itBuilds on13
- Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic ModelsJonathan Ho, Ajay Jain, Pieter AbbeelNeurIPS 2020 · 35,902 citations
- Scalable Diffusion Models with TransformersWilliam Peebles, Saining XieICCV 2023 · 5,568 citations
- Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic ModelsAlexander Quinn Nichol, Prafulla DhariwalICML 2021 · 5,234 citations
- Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential EquationsYang Song, Jascha Sohl-Dickstein, Diederik P. Kingma, Abhishek Kumar et al.ICLR 2021 · 1,270 citations
- Bayesian Deep Learning and a Probabilistic Perspective of GeneralizationAndrew Gordon Wilson, Pavel IzmailovNeurIPS 2020 · 845 citations
Related papers
- Neural Anisotropy DirectionsGuillermo Ortiz-Jiménez, Apostolos Modas, Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli, Pascal FrossardNeurIPS 2020 · 21 citations
- Algorithm- and Data-Dependent Generalization Bounds for Diffusion ModelsBenjamin Dupuis, Dario Shariatian, Maxime Haddouche, Alain Durmus et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 5 citations
- On Inductive Biases That Enable Generalization in Diffusion TransformersJie An, De Wang, Pengsheng Guo, Jiebo Luo et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 1 citation
- Generalization in diffusion models arises from geometry-adaptive harmonic representationsZahra Kadkhodaie, Florentin Guth, Eero P. Simoncelli, Stéphane MallatICLR 2024 · 168 citations
- An analytic theory of creativity in convolutional diffusion modelsMason Kamb, Surya GanguliICML 2025
