WildScore: Benchmarking MLLMs in-the-Wild Symbolic Music Reasoning
Gagan Mundada, Yash Vishe, Amit Namburi, Xin Xu, Zachary Novack, Julian J. McAuley, Junda Wu
Abstract
Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various visionlanguage tasks. However, their reasoning abilities in the multimodal symbolic music domain remain largely unexplored. We introduce Wild-Score, the first in-the-wild multimodal symbolic music reasoning and analysis benchmark, designed to evaluate MLLMs' capacity to interpret real-world music scores and answer complex musicological queries. Each instance in WildScore is sourced from genuine musical compositions and accompanied by authentic user-generated questions and discussions, capturing the intricacies of practical music analysis. To facilitate a comprehensive evaluation, we propose a systematic taxonomy, comprising both high-level and fine-grained musicological ontologies. Furthermore, we frame complex music reasoning as multiple-choice question answering, enabling controlled and scalable assessment of MLLMs' symbolic music understanding. Empirical benchmarking of state-ofthe-art MLLMs on WildScore reveals intriguing patterns in their visual-symbolic reasoning, uncovering both promising directions and persistent challenges for MLLMs in symbolic music reasoning and analysis. We release the dataset 1 and code 2 .
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 14d6e4d7-9566-454a-a658-d8eea0bd6a38Cited by top-tier papers3
- Musical Score Understanding Benchmark: Evaluating Large Language Models' Comprehension of Complete Musical ScoresCongren Dai, Yue Yang, Krinos Li, Huichi Zhou et al.ACL 2026 · 4 citations
- BoYaEval: Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models on Understanding Ancient Chinese Musical ScoresJiajia Li, Weizhi Xue, Yao Yao, Qiwei Li et al.ACL 2026
- Evaluating Language Model Pluralism through In-the-wild Crowd DiscussionsGagan Mundada, Rohan Surana, Nandhini Swaminathan, Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder et al.ACL 2026
Builds on7
- BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language ModelsJunnan Li, Dongxu Li, Silvio Savarese, Steven C. H. HoiICML 2023 · 7,873 citations
- MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated CapabilitiesWeihao Yu, Zhengyuan Yang, Linjie Li, Jianfeng Wang et al.ICML 2024 · 1,191 citations
- LayoutLLM: Layout Instruction Tuning with Large Language Models for Document UnderstandingChuwei Luo, Yufan Shen, Zhaoqing Zhu, Qi Zheng et al.CVPR 2024 · 39 citations
- Intern VL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic TasksZhe Chen, Jiannan Wu, Wenhai Wang, Weijie Su et al.CVPR 2024
- VTQA: Visual Text Question Answering via Entity Alignment and Cross-Media ReasoningKang Chen, Xiangqian WuCVPR 2024
Related papers
- LLark: A Multimodal Instruction-Following Language Model for MusicJoshua Patrick Gardner, Simon Durand, Daniel Stoller, Rachel M. BittnerICML 2024 · 34 citations
- OmniVideoBench: Towards Audio-Visual Understanding Evaluation for Omni MLLMsCaorui Li, Yu Chen, Yiyan Ji, Jin Xu et al.ICLR 2026 · 53 citations
- MuSLR: Multimodal Symbolic Logical ReasoningJundong Xu, Hao Fei, Yuhui Zhang, Liangming Pan et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 5 citations
- DocHop: Benchmarking Out-of-domain Multi-hop Reasoning in Information-Dense DocumentsZhuoran Yu, Le T Nguyen, Jaden Park, Xinyi Gu et al.ICML 2026
- WebMMU: A Benchmark for Multimodal Multilingual Website Understanding and Code GenerationRabiul Awal, Mahsa Massoud, Aarash Feizi, Zichao Li et al.EMNLP 2025
