Ownership Guided C to Rust Translation
Hanliang Zhang, Cristina David, Yijun Yu, Meng Wang
Abstract
Abstract Dubbed a safer C, Rust is a modern programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control. This interesting combination has made Rust very popular among developers and there is a growing trend of migrating legacy codebases (very often in C) to Rust. In this paper, we present a C to Rust translation approach centred around static ownership analysis. We design a suite of analyses that infer ownership models of C pointers and automatically translate the pointers into safe Rust equivalents. The resulting tool, Crown, scales to real-world codebases (half a million lines of code in less than 10 s) and achieves a high conversion rate.
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Cited by top-tier papers15
- Scalable, Validated Code Translation of Entire Projects using Large Language ModelsHanliang Zhang, Cristina David, Meng Wang, Brandon Paulsen et al.PLDI 2025 · 15 citations
- RustAssure: Differential Symbolic Testing for LLM-Transpiled C-to-Rust CodeYubo Bai, Tapti PalitASE 2025 · 8 citations
- SACTOR: LLM-Driven Correct and Idiomatic C to Rust Translation with Static Analysis and FFI-Based VerificationTianyang Zhou, Ziyi Zhang, Haowen Lin, Somesh Jha et al.ACL 2026 · 8 citations
- Scylla: Translating an Applicative Subset of C to Safe RustAymeric Fromherz, Jonathan ProtzenkoOOPSLA 2026 · 6 citations
- To Tag, or Not to Tag: Translating C's Unions to Rust's Tagged UnionsJaemin Hong, Sukyoung RyuASE 2024 · 6 citations
Builds on4
- Translating C to safer RustMehmet Emre, Ryan Schroeder, Kyle Dewey, Ben HardekopfOOPSLA 2021 · 60 citations
- RustHornBelt: a semantic foundation for functional verification of Rust programs with unsafe codeYusuke Matsushita, Xavier Denis, Jacques-Henri Jourdan, Derek DreyerPLDI 2022 · 44 citations
- Modular specification and verification of closures in RustFabian Wolff, Aurel Bílý, Christoph Matheja, Peter Müller et al.OOPSLA 2021 · 23 citations
- C to checked C by 3cAravind Machiry, John H. Kastner, Matt McCutchen, Aaron Eline et al.OOPSLA 2022 · 20 citations
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