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EMNLP Findings2025

COMI-LINGUA: Expert Annotated Large-Scale Dataset for Multitask NLP in Hindi-English Code-Mixing

Rajvee Sheth, Himanshu Beniwal, Mayank Singh

Abstract

We introduce COMI-LINGUA, the largest manually annotated Hindi-English code-mixed dataset, comprising 125K+ high-quality instances across five core NLP tasks: Tokenlevel Language Identification, Matrix Language Identification, Named Entity Recognition, Part-Of-Speech Tagging and Machine Translation. Each instance is annotated by three bilingual annotators, yielding over 376K expert annotations with strong inter-annotator agreement (Fleiss' Kappa ≥ 0.81). The rigorously preprocessed and filtered dataset covers both Devanagari and Roman scripts and spans diverse domains, ensuring real-world linguistic coverage. Evaluation reveals that closedweight LLMs significantly outperform traditional tools and open-weight models in zeroshot settings. Notably, one-shot prompting consistently boosts performance across tasks, especially in structure-sensitive predictions like POS and NER. Fine-tuning open-weight LLMs on COMI-LINGUA demonstrates substantial improvements, achieving up to 95.25 F1 in NER, 98.77 F1 in MLI, and competitive MT performance, setting new benchmarks for Hinglish code-mixed text. COMI-LINGUA is publicly available at this URL 1 .

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Cited by top-tier papers1

  1. Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey on Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across ModalitiesRajvee Sheth, Samridhi Raj Sinha, Mahavir Patil, Himanshu Beniwal et al.ACL 2026 · 2 citations

Builds on2

  1. GLUECoS: An Evaluation Benchmark for Code-Switched NLPSimran Khanuja, Sandipan Dandapat, Anirudh Srinivasan, Sunayana Sitaram et al.ACL 2020 · 12 citations
  2. SyMCoM - Syntactic Measure of Code Mixing A Study Of English-Hindi Code-MixingPrashant Kodali, Anmol Goel, Monojit Choudhury, Manish Shrivastava et al.ACL Findings 2022 · 1 citation

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