3D-IDE: 3D Implicit Depth Emergent
Chushan Zhang, Ruihan Lu, Jinguang Tong, Yikai Wang, Hongdong Li
Abstract
Leveraging 3D information within Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has recently shown significant advantages for indoor scene understanding. However, existing methods, including those using explicit ground-truth 3D positional encoding and those grafting external 3D foundation models for implicit geometry, struggle with the trade-off in 2D-3D representation fusion, leading to suboptimal deployment. To this end, we propose 3D-Implicit Depth Emergence, a method that reframes 3D perception as an emergent property derived from geometric self-supervision rather than explicit encoding. Our core insight is the Implicit Geometric Emergence Principle: by strategically leveraging privileged geometric supervision through mechanisms like a fine-grained geometry validator and global representation constraints, we construct an information bottleneck. This bottleneck forces the model to maximize the mutual information between visual features and 3D structures, allowing 3D awareness to emerge naturally within a unified visual representation. Unlike existing approaches, our method enables 3D perception to emerge implicitly, disentangling features in dense regions and, crucially, eliminating depth and pose dependencies during inference with zero latency overhead. This paradigm shift from external grafting to implicit emergence represents a fundamental rethinking of 3D knowledge integration in visual-language models. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method surpasses SOTA on multiple 3D scene understanding benchmarks. Our approach achieves a 55% reduction in inference latency while maintaining strong performance across diverse downstream tasks, underscoring the effectiveness of meticulously designed auxiliary objectives for dependency-free 3D understanding. Source code can be found at github.com/ChushanZhang/3D-IDE.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 0838a062-1a4b-452f-8759-2d77d3b71374Builds on28
- Visual Instruction TuningHaotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Qingyang Wu, Yong Jae LeeNeurIPS 2023 · 11,349 citations
- 3D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language ModelsYining Hong, Haoyu Zhen, Peihao Chen, Shuhong Zheng et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 662 citations
- 3D-VisTA: Pre-trained Transformer for 3D Vision and Text AlignmentZiyu Zhu, Xiaojian Ma, Yixin Chen, Zhidong Deng et al.ICCV 2023 · 247 citations
- 3DVG-Transformer: Relation Modeling for Visual Grounding on Point CloudsLichen Zhao, Daigang Cai, Lu Sheng, Dong XuICCV 2021 · 234 citations
- Language Conditioned Spatial Relation Reasoning for 3D Object GroundingShizhe Chen, Pierre-Louis Guhur, Makarand Tapaswi, Cordelia Schmid et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 173 citations
Related papers
- 3DRS: MLLMs Need 3D-Aware Representation Supervision for Scene UnderstandingXiaohu Huang, Jingjing Wu, Qunyi Xie, Kai HanNeurIPS 2025 · 11 citations
- Vid-LLM: A Compact Video-based 3D Multimodal LLM with Reconstruction-Reasoning SynergyHaijier Chen, Bo Xu, Shoujian Zhang, Haoze Liu et al.ICLR 2026 · 6 citations
- LLaVA-3D: A Simple Yet Effective Pathway to Empowering LMMs with 3D CapabilitiesChenming Zhu, Tai Wang, Wenwei Zhang, Jiangmiao Pang et al.ICCV 2025 · 24 citations
- S^2-MLLM: Boosting Spatial Reasoning Capability of MLLMs for 3D Visual Grounding with Structural GuidanceBeining Xu, Siting Zhu, Zhao Jin, Junxian Li et al.CVPR 2026
- Learning from Videos for 3D World: Enhancing MLLMs with 3D Vision Geometry PriorsDuo Zheng, Shijia Huang, Yanyang Li, Liwei WangNeurIPS 2025 · 130 citations
