Information Density Principle for MLLM Benchmarks
Chunyi Li, Xiaozhe Li, Zicheng Zhang, Yuan Tian, Ziheng Jia, Xiaohong Liu, Xiongkuo Min, Jia Wang, Haodong Duan, Kai Chen, Guangtao Zhai
Abstract
With the emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), hundreds of benchmarks have been developed to ensure the reliability of MLLMs in downstream tasks. However, the evaluation mechanism itself may not be reliable. For developers of MLLMs, questions remain about which benchmark to use and whether the test results meet their requirements. Therefore, we propose a critical principle of Information Density, which examines how much insight a benchmark can provide for the development of MLLMs. We characterize it from four key dimensions: (1) Fallacy, (2) Difficulty, (3) Redundancy, (4) Diversity. Through a comprehensive analysis of more than 10,000 samples, we measured the information density of 19 MLLM benchmarks. Experiments show that using the latest benchmarks in testing can provide more insight compared to previous ones, but there is still room for improvement in their information density. We hope this principle can promote the development and application of future MLLM benchmarks. Project page: https://github.com/lcysyzxdxc/bench4bench
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 07ba0117-ffef-431c-a82a-2e3dc4e96e17Cited by top-tier papers5
- Semantics Versus Identity: A Divide-and-Conquer Approach Towards Adjustable Medical Image De-IdentificationYuan Tian, Shuo Wang, Rongzhao Zhang, Zijian Chen et al.ICCV 2025 · 3 citations
- Rethinking LLM Evaluation: Can We Evaluate LLMs with 200× Less Data?Shaobo Wang, Cong Wang, Wenjie Fu, Yue Min et al.ICLR 2026 · 2 citations
- Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer VisionWenyi Li, Renkai Luo, Yue Yu, Huan-ang Gao et al.CVPR 2026 · 2 citations
- Exposing and Evaluating Hallucinations for GUI GroundingZicheng Zhang, Hongyi Jing, Rui Lv, Shuo Fang et al.CVPR 2026
- PADA-Coder: Improving Plan-Following Code Generation via Perturbation-Verified Attention Distillation and Dynamic AlignmentYihong Huang, KE QIN, Rongzheng Wang, Muquan Li et al.ICML 2026
Builds on16
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- Segment AnythingAlexander Kirillov, Eric Mintun, Nikhila Ravi, Hanzi Mao et al.ICCV 2023 · 13,211 citations
- Chatbot Arena: An Open Platform for Evaluating LLMs by Human PreferenceWei-Lin Chiang, Lianmin Zheng, Ying Sheng, Anastasios Nikolas Angelopoulos et al.ICML 2024 · 1,212 citations
- MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated CapabilitiesWeihao Yu, Zhengyuan Yang, Linjie Li, Jianfeng Wang et al.ICML 2024 · 1,191 citations
- Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?Lin Chen, Jinsong Li, Xiaoyi Dong, Pan Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 1,029 citations
Related papers
- Redundancy Principles for MLLMs BenchmarksZicheng Zhang, Xiangyu Zhao, Xinyu Fang, Chunyi Li et al.ACL 2025 · 15 citations
- Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models Against Image CorruptionsXinkuan Qiu, Meina Kan, Yongbin Zhou, Shiguang ShanICCV 2025 · 1 citation
- MIA-Bench: Towards Better Instruction Following Evaluation of Multimodal LLMsYusu Qian, Hanrong Ye, Jean-Philippe Fauconnier, Peter Grasch et al.ICLR 2025
- Beyond Single View: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Medical Multimodal Large Language Models on Multi-Image UnderstandingDexuan Xu, Jiayin Yuan, Jianing Wang, Yanyuan Chen et al.ACL 2026
- FREAK: A Fine-grained Hallucination Evaluation Benchmark for Advanced MLLMsZhihan Yin, Jianxin Liang, Yueqian Wang, Yifeng Yao et al.ICLR 2026 · 6 citations
