Applying Guidance in a Limited Interval Improves Sample and Distribution Quality in Diffusion Models
Tuomas Kynkäänniemi, Miika Aittala, Tero Karras, Samuli Laine, Timo Aila, Jaakko Lehtinen
Abstract
Guidance is a crucial technique for extracting the best performance out of image-generating diffusion models. Traditionally, a constant guidance weight has been applied throughout the sampling chain of an image. We show that guidance is clearly harmful toward the beginning of the chain (high noise levels), largely unnecessary toward the end (low noise levels), and only beneficial in the middle. We thus restrict it to a specific range of noise levels, improving both the inference speed and result quality. This limited guidance interval improves the record FID in ImageNet-512 significantly, from 1.81 to 1.40. We show that it is quantitatively and qualitatively beneficial across different sampler parameters, network architectures, and datasets, including the large-scale setting of Stable Diffusion XL. We thus suggest exposing the guidance interval as a hyperparameter in all diffusion models that use guidance.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 06e1a934-14ca-44ea-a706-5be9749dff1bCited by top-tier papers128
- Representation Alignment for Diffusion Transformers without External ComponentsDengyang Jiang, Mengmeng Wang, Liuzhuozheng Li, Lei Zhang et al.ICLR 2026 · 532 citations
- Guiding a Diffusion Model with a Bad Version of ItselfTero Karras, Miika Aittala, Tuomas Kynkäänniemi, Jaakko Lehtinen et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 338 citations
- Diffusion Transformers with Representation AutoencodersBoyang Zheng, Nanye Ma, Shengbang Tong, Saining XieICLR 2026 · 288 citations
- Improved Mean Flows: On the Challenges of Fastforward Generative ModelsZhengyang Geng, Yiyang Lu, Zongze Wu, Eli Shechtman et al.CVPR 2026 · 116 citations
- PeRFlow: Piecewise Rectified Flow as Universal Plug-and-Play AcceleratorHanshu Yan, Xingchao Liu, Jiachun Pan, Jun Hao Liew et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 108 citations
Builds on25
- Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic ModelsJonathan Ho, Ajay Jain, Pieter AbbeelNeurIPS 2020 · 35,902 citations
- High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion ModelsRobin Rombach, Andreas Blattmann, Dominik Lorenz, Patrick Esser et al.CVPR 2022 · 13,123 citations
- Denoising Diffusion Implicit ModelsJiaming Song, Chenlin Meng, Stefano ErmonICLR 2021 · 11,743 citations
- Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion ModelsLvmin Zhang, Anyi Rao, Maneesh AgrawalaICCV 2023 · 6,759 citations
- Scalable Diffusion Models with TransformersWilliam Peebles, Saining XieICCV 2023 · 5,568 citations
Related papers
- Feedback Guidance of Diffusion ModelsFelix Koulischer, Florian Handke, Johannes Deleu, Thomas Demeester et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 16 citations
- REG: Rectified Gradient Guidance for Conditional Diffusion ModelsZhengqi Gao, Kaiwen Zha, Tianyuan Zhang, Zihui Xue et al.ICML 2025
- Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image SynthesisPrafulla Dhariwal, Alexander Quinn NicholNeurIPS 2021 · 13,211 citations
- CADS: Unleashing the Diversity of Diffusion Models through Condition-Annealed SamplingSeyedmorteza Sadat, Jakob Buhmann, Derek Bradley, Otmar Hilliges et al.ICLR 2024 · 115 citations
- Guiding a Diffusion Model by Swapping Its TokensWeijia Zhang, Yuehao Liu, Shanyan Guan, Wu Ran et al.CVPR 2026 · 2 citations
