Bridging Background Knowledge Gaps in Translation with Automatic Explicitation

Translations help people understand content written in another language. However, even correct literal translations do not fulfill that goal when people lack the necessary background to understand them. Professional translators incorporate explicitations to explain the missing context by considering cultural differences between source and target audiences. Despite its potential to help users, NLP research on explicitation is limited because of the dearth of adequate evaluation methods. This work introduces techniques for automatically generating explicitations, motivated by WIKIEXPL 1 : a dataset that we collect from Wikipedia and annotate with human translators. The resulting explicitations are useful as they help answer questions more accurately in a multilingual question answering framework. Source … 󰏃🙂 "I kn Literal Transl 󰑔🤔 "Wh Translation w …brother of de Villepin … 󰑔😃 "Ah Source No 󰏃🙂 on Literal Trans 󰑔🤔 "W Translation Many are th their "J'accu accusing the 󰑔😃 "A Cur P 󰏃🙂 1 …frère de Dominique de Villepin… Source 2 La veille de Noël 1800, sachant qu'... 3 …ont écrit leur « J'accuse… ! ». 󰑔🤔Literal 1 …brother of Dominique de Villepin … Translation 2 The day before Christmas 1800, knowing that 3 …have written their "J'accuse…!". 󰑔😃with Explicitation 1 …brother of the former French Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin … 2 On Christmas Eve in 1800, amid the French Revolution, 3 have written their "J'accuse…!", a famous open letter by a French novelist accusing the government in response to a miscarriage of justice. New Suggestions -A Translat target language. French-speaking Minister. Flags re language. Explicitati knowledge by add while ``J'accuse...! speakers need to b powerful. Example of cultural explicitation in French-English. Translators compensate for background knowledge gaps with explicitation in the target language. Here, while underlined parts do not need to be introduced in the French-speaking world, English speakers may need additional information, as in the red colored text, to enhance their understanding. Flags represent national identity and its associated cultural milieu rather than language. 󰏃🙂 1 …frère de Dominique de Villepin… Source 2 La veille de Noël 1800, sachant qu'... 3 …SNCF, en 2010… 󰑔🤔Literal 1 …brother of Dominique de Villepin … Translation 2 The day before Christmas 1800, knowing that 3 …SNCF, in 2010… 󰑔😃with Explicitation 1 …brother of the former French Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin … 2 On Christmas Eve in 1800, amid the French Revolution, 3 …railway authority SNCF, in 2010… French-English Example of . Translators compensate for background knowledge gaps with explicitation in the target language. Here, while underlined parts do not need to be introduced in the French-speaking world, English speakers may need additional information, as in the red colored text, to enhance their understanding. Flags represent national identity and its associated cultural milieu rather than language. 󰏃🙂 1 …frère de Dominique de Villepin… Source 2 La veille de Noël 1800, sachant qu'...