Applying Intrinsic Debiasing on Downstream Tasks: Challenges and Considerations for Machine Translation

Most works on gender bias focus on intrinsic bias -removing traces of information about a protected group from the model's internal representation. However, these works are often disconnected from the impact of such debiasing on downstream applications, which is the main motivation for debiasing in the first place. In this work, we systematically test how methods for intrinsic debiasing affect neural machine translation models, by measuring the extrinsic bias of such systems under different design choices. We highlight three challenges and mismatches between the debiasing techniques and their end-goal usage, including the choice of embeddings to debias, the mismatch between words and sub-word tokens debiasing, and the effect of translating from English to different target languages. We find that these considerations have a significant impact on downstream performance and the success of debiasing. 1 1 We release our code at: https://github.com/ bariluz93/intrinsic-debiasing-performance-on-NMT 2 Throughout this work we refer to morphological gender, and specifically to masculine and feminine pronouns as captured in earlier work. We note that future important work can extend our work beyond these pronouns to e.g., neo-pronouns (Lauscher et al., 2022) .